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Date:
4.05.2007-31.10.2007 |
The Treasures of the
Preslav Region Exhibition |
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On 4
May 2007, the Veliki Preslav Archaeological Museum opened the
exhibit “The Treasures of the Preslav Region.” The exposition
includes objects from the Preslav Gold Treasure and new finds from
Preslav and the region. Displayed for the first time anywhere are
unique Gothic adornments from the Late Ancient/Late Roman Epoch,
found near the village of Khan Krum (about 12 km from Preslav) and
grave finds from the post-capital era in Preslav.
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Date:
16.05.2006-30.09.2006 |
Celebrating
1120 Years of Cyrillic Heritage!
Velika Moravia-Veliki Preslav Shared Exhibition |
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This
year marks 1120 years since Knyaz Boris welcomed St. Clement, Naum,
& Angelare, students and preservers of the legacy of Ss. Cyril &
Methodius, to Bulgaria. Fleeing from persecution in Moravia,
Clement, Naum, Angelare came to Pliska in 886 and under Boris'
protection were able to protect and develop Bulgaria's place in the
history of Slavic languages and the Cyrillic alphabet. As of 893, V.
Preslav's new position as capital of Bulgaria secured its connection
with Moravia as it became a literary center as well as a religious
and administrative center. To honor V. Preslav's & Moravia's ancient
association, the Veliki Preslav National Historical-Archaeological
Museum and Reserve will host an exhibit from the Great Moravia
Archaeological Museum until 30 September 2006.
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Date: |
New
epigraphic monument of Veliki Preslav |
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The
present announcement aims at presenting a new epigraphic monument
which has been recently found in the neighbourhood of Manastircheto /
The Little Monastery /, which is only 2,5km southwards from the Outer
fortress of Preslav. At the very beginning of the rescue researches in
1999, in the churche's nave there were found important fragments from
an amphora with redish-brown colour of the clay after its scorching.
For the lack of water in the region and because of belated
transporting of the finds, it was not until the end of the season that
it became clear that on a very small part on the amphora sides there
was a tiny fragment of inscription preserved. The letters "æ" and "ú"
helped to define the inscription as Cyrillic alphabet. However, our
efforts were aimed not only at deciphering the inscription , but also
at finding other fragments with letters. Two years later we were
extremely lucky to add some more letters to the beginning and end of
the inscription because we excavated the mound piled up by
treasure-hunters. All 22 preserved signs had correct proportions:
3-7mm in height and 1,5-4mm in width. They all had the characteristics
of many Cyrillic epigraphic monuments from 10th c. and the beginning
of 11th c. The triangle parts of "a", "ú" and "â" were very well
distinguished; very well were cognizable also the long middle stroke
of "å", the angle-shaped ends of "o" and "e"; as to the letters
"í","ê","ë","è","ä" and "ì", they were almost square.
The inscription must have been made with a very thin nib after the
container had been scorched. The letters were in a horizontal line
right below the neck of the amphora. After the additions from the last
excavation season, the inscription reads:
...îëîâ[ú]íèêúäà æåí(ú)îóêð[ú|].àò[è] ì.......[à].......ñòà........
Though precisely engraved, the letters on the first two fragments are
very well preserved and readable, except for the fifth and the
nineteenth signs which are on cracks. The letters "ò","ì","ñ","ò" and
"à" in the last passage are easily distinguishable. The rest of the
signs are badly blotted out, almost erased, because of cracks and the
crumbling of the amphora surface in these parts.
Because of the fragmentariness and the above-mentioned reasons, the
inscription is difficult to read. That is why, the following
restoration is only an attempt to interpret it. The suffix "èêú" or
"[ú]íèêú" in the first preserved passage means that there should be a
noun in the masculine gender. If we add the previous letters to it,
the word or the the preserved part of it will read: îëîâ[ú]íèêú. Such
an animate or inanimate noun is not familiar in the old-Bulgarian
language. However, the mentioned word reminds to a large extent of the
name of a fortress on the Danube river - Õîëúâíèê. We find the name of
the fortress mentioned in an inscription from 1397/98, regarding its
reconstruction. Speculating upon the etimology of this name,
Iv.Galabov wrote in a publication of his that actually, the name
should be a derivative from the noun õîëåâà, õàëÿâà, õîëÿâà; a noun
that was widely used in Slavonic languages. As a meaning of the word,
he points out the words "óñòà","ãúðëî" /"mouth" and "throat" in
Engl./.
He also gives as examples some local names in the Chech area
/i.e.Greece/, like Õîëåâàí, Õåëâàí, Õàëâàí as well as the names:
Îëåâåíè, Õîëåâåí from Bitolja region. Taking into account that the
inscription was found where the river Big Kamchia leaves the gorge, a
place which Preslavians call with a Turkish word "boaza" or "azu"
(meaning "throat" and "mouth"), maybe it is possible in our case too
that the word might have something to do with the name of a region .
Just as a reminder, some scientists identify the familiar fortres
Uston with the Stradini fortifications near Preslav (they are only a
ten- minute walk away from The Little Monastery). Despite all the
uncertainty of these suppositions, we might assume that the name in
the inscription is somehow connected to the two fortresses which
played an important role in the defence system of Preslav as a
capital.
In the combination of the next five letters we find the phrase "äà
æåí[ú]". Here, we presume the omition of "ú" in the plural form of
genitive case / such omition of the last-positioned "ú" has been
certified in many Cyrillic epigraphic monuments from that era/.
Reading the next word from the inscription was the most difficult
task. The word is on two neighbouring fragments but becuse of the
crack it is illegible. There is a diphthong "îó", there are also four
other letters - "ê","ð" and "ò" that are easily distinguishable and a
carelessly written "ò" which falls under the stroke. On account of all
this we might also think that the "|.à" is actually the third person
singular form - îóêðû|.àòú - of the terminative aspect of the verb -
îóêðûòí.
The letters "ì" and "ñ", "ò" and "a", as well as a triangle fragment
with a tinted stroke pointed downwards which reminds of the letter "à"
- they are all at the end of the third fragment, are the only
distinguishable letters in the most badly damaged part of the
inscription. The letters make us interpret that passage of the text as
follows: (Lc?öà)[à](óãîó)ñòà; what is more, after the last "à" there
is a slightly visible stroke which could be the title of the data.
As a conclusion, we can offer the following interpretation of the
text:
(ÅÆÅ ÏÎÑÚËÀÕÚ (?) ÂÚ Õ)ÎËÎÂ[U]ÍÈÊÚ ÄÀ ÆÅÍ(Ú) ÎÓÊÐ[U]|àò[u]
Ì(LC?ÖÀ)[A](ÓÃÎÓ)ÑÒÀ)
According to us, the inscription from the area of The Little Monastery
resembles to a great extent the copies in the old-Bulgarian
manuscripts. This characteristic brings it closer to lots of Cyrillic
epigraphic monuments in Krepcha, Murfatlar and many other. At the same
time, it has the signs of a secret message similar to the inscription
of Viargil which has been recently discovered in Preslav.
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Date: |
CLOSER TO THE
HEART...130 YEARS SINCE THE BIRTH OF JORDAN GOSPODINOV |
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"As a citizen of Preslav... it is closer to my heart the desire to
know all about the past of my hometown. This desire to urges me in
spite of my weakened strength to collect all that is somehow connected
to the history of Preslav..."
(from a letter by J.Gospodinov to V.Zlatarski)
On January,1st 2001 elapsed 130 years since the birth of Jordan
Gospodinov. His contemporaries remember him as a modest man "who
devoted all his reasonable life to Veliki Preslav". He was only 25
years old when in 1897 V.Zlatarski mase the first organized
excavations in a place called Sarai eri. At that time, when public
ttention was drawn to Shkorpil's discoveries in Pliska, Gospodinov was
teaching far away from his hometowm. In order to obtain new data for
the Second Bulgarian capital architectural features, the Russian
Archeological Institute in Konstaninopolus undertook new excavations
in October 1905. At that time Jordan Gospodinov had already become a
teacher in Preslav. He disagreed with the opinion of professor
F.Uspenski - head of the research work - whose official report said
that the Preslavian remains had been long before completely devastated
and plundered and that "the excavations are of unjustified and
unpromising scientific interets".
The very following year, together with his close friend K.Shkorpilov
and a team of prominent Preslavian citizens, Gospodinov established
"Ticha" Archeological Association and got down to hard work:there were
organised quests for remains in the old part of the town and its
periphery, architectural pieces were collected, which were usually
found scattered in fields and houses all around Preslav. There were
also told different stories of the past and the aims and work of the
archeological association were explained in details. That was also the
time when museum work was established in Preslav. Jordan Gospodinov
donated his own collection of various findings at an archeological
assembly in the city-hall. In 1909-1911 the Rcheological Association
launched excavations in the area of Patleina, not very far from
Preslav, with the meagre resources collected mostly from donations,
membership fees and also due to the help from the state and the
municipality. Under the directions of Jordan Gospodinov they
discovered a monastery housing-site with a cross-domed church,
dwelling premises and workshops for the production of the unfamiliar
by then Preslavian white clay painted ceramics. In one of the premises
near the tower, northwest direction from the church was found an icon
of St.Theodor - a record of the past of national and universal
significance; a striking example of the old Bulgarian mastership and
perfection.
In the period from 1912 to 1919 Gospodinov worked in the Archeological
Museum in Sofia together with scientists like G.Katzarov,
P.Mutafchiev, N.Mushmov, B.Filov. However, his fellow-citizens begged
him ardently to go back to Preslav and there. He could not refuse
them. After WWI he continued his work as an archeologist, regional
expert and fervent researcher of Preslavian remains. As a prominent
and socially active figure, he never missed a favourable opportunity
to protect and fight in favour of Preslavian monuments.
In 1925 there was a new bridge built over Kamchia river. This was made
achieved through state funds and due to the initiative of "Ticha"AD
(which was, actually, for the best part Gospodinov's initiative).
Thus, access to the ruins in Patleina was made possible. What is more,
the bridge was close enough to the foundations of the so-called old
Bulgarian "Bridge of Omurtag"; foundations which Gospodinov
established as early as 1911. Two years later, coinciding with the
commemoration of one thousand years since the death of tsar Simeon,
"Ticha"AD guided by Jordan Gospodinov and supported by the Bulgarian
Relics Association, new excavations were started in Sarai eri region /
King's Palaces /.
"On August,1st the same year I started excavations on a hill which was
about three hundred metres southwards from the Palace. I heard about
those remains from my father. He said that Turks dug the best and
finest beautifully speckled marble stones and slabs and then crushed
them into pieces turning them into slaked lime...", Gospodinov wrote
in his works.
It was exactly the place where Gospodinov discovered an exceptional
and unique monument characterising Preslavian architecture and namely,
Simeon's Round/Golden Church. In 1934 Jordan Gospodinov became the
mayor of Preslav by the insistenceof all Preslavian citizens. It was
then he concentrated his efforts and strength to make the town a
historic and tourist centre.
However, his attempts to provide funds from the state budget failed
and he left his post as a sign of protest and then retired in 1938.
During the last decade of his life, in his declining years, Gospodinov
managed to realize a succession of researches: he examined workshops
and installations for painted ceramics manufacturing, all of which
were located right under the Round Church and around Patleina;he
excavated a number of churches (around Bjal Brjag and Tuzlaluka), as
well as the public building in Gaidarova Mogila;he also worked in the
Inner Town together with B.Mavrodinova, N.Mavrodinov and I.Zhandova -
archeologist from the Archeological Museum in Sofia. In 1949 he helped
removing all the items from the city-hall, Patleina and the Golden
Church into a building meant for a monastery in Borova Gora / Pine
Woods /. Right there, in November, a large museum was built in order
to gather all historic elements in one place.
Two months before he died, Gospodinov was said to be glaring with
happiness (or at least that was what professor St.Stanchev said - the
discoverer of the item). An inscription from the grave of an eminent
dignitary called Churgubulia Mostich. He was said to be a contemporary
of tsar Simeon and tsar Petar. Unfortunately, Gospodinov's archives
and writings are almost all lost and unfamiliar to researchers and the
wide public nowadays. Not very long ago, the Archeological Museum took
hold of 35 letters of his personal correspondency and 10 notebooks
with stenographical notes (still to be translated). About half a
century after J.Gospodinov died, researchers continued to discover new
monuments characterising the Bulgarian Golden Age.
As his heirs, we are obliged to treat them with the expected care and
love in the way he willed. Jordan Gospodinov - an extraordinary man
and scientist who discovered Veliki Preslav and made it a part of the
unlimited scientific knowledge.
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